Commentary:

Adhah Pravritta transferrence occurs only during bondage of the sub-classes till their cessation of bondage, but wrong-belief Karma does not transfer into another during stage of wrong-belief as has been already stated above. Matter of those sub-classes, whose bondage has ceased, is transferred into another, from the fourth stage till the seventh stage. This is called Vldhyata Sankamana. From 8th to 11th stage, those bad sub-classes which are not bound there, are transferred into others. This transferrence is called Guna Sankramana. It also should be noted that. there is Guna Sankramana of Karmic matter, for one Antal muhurta during the time of acquirement of the first Subsidential-right-belief. and also during the full time of Mixed-right-and-wrong; belief, and of clouded-right-belief when Wrong-belief-karmic-matter is going to be destroyed with the help of New-thought-activity, till the last but one part of that section of time. During the remaining last part there is Sarva Sankramana i. e., full transferrence of matter.

 

ן׸־ֹ껻ֵ֛֝֯ ӕִֻֻ֝״ l

ߝן֐ ־֋ ־Ӎ֝ ll 417 ll

ןֵԐ֤֭֯ύֵ: ӕִֻֻ֭׸: l

: ֭֟ס֍ ֿ֯֘֟ ־Ӎ֝˝ִ ll 417 ll

 

 

417. The sub-human eleven I vide Gatha 414), (thirteen) Udvelana sub. classes (vide Gatha 415), (1111 the twenty-eight sub-classes of) deluding Karma, except Perfect-conduct-preventing greed, Clouded-right-belief, and Mixed-right-and wrong-belief, three (kinds of sleep) Somnambulism, (heavy drowsiness, and deep sleep)-these fifty-two (sub-classes have) Sarva Sankramana or full transferrence.

 

ֵֻ֢֟־ ָן֓ֈ l

א ֤ן֐ן֐ ֤֤֤֝ן׋ Ӎ֝ ll 418 ll

֓֟ظ֟ӡֿ֟֯֍ؾֿ ֤ס ֟ l

֟٫ס֍ס֍֟:֘׫׫: Ӎ֝: ll 418 ll

 

418. (Out of five kinds of) transferrence (there are) one. four, two, three, three, four, five. two two, and three, (kinds of transferrence respectively) among thirty-nine. Thirty, seven, twenty, one. one, twelve, and three (times) four (i. e.,

four, four, and four, sub-classes).

 

Ӭ֑֤ ֤ ӕֻֻ֤֝ؓ l

ִ֤־֋֓։ ϐָ֤֯ ll 419 ll

֟֐֤ ֵ֤ ם״ֻ֝ Ϭ֯־֢ l

ߝןֲֵָ ל ϸ ll 420 ll

ן׸ָ ֝ߝ֓׸ Ӎ֝ l

׭֧ ֵֻ ֋֓ֈ ֑֤ ll 421 ll

֢֝ Ӎִ֬֯־֢ ִ֤ l

פ Ӛ֤֝ ߓ֯㋝ףָ ll 422 ll

֝ ײ֤֕ Ϭ֯־֢ ״֓ l

׾֤֕ ־ ִ׾֤֕׸ߝ ll 423 ll ֵ ll

ִõ Ӭ֑ן֭: ֟ ӕֳִֻֻۭ֭֯֘ l

׫ִ־֋ָ֓֟֟꓌ִ ll 419 ll

ß֐ן: ֤֍׭ִ˸ִ֓֟ظ֟ Ϭ:Ͼß l

ß֭ס֤֫֍ֵ: ֋á ϸן: ll 420 ll

ןֵԐ֤ סӿ֟ ָ֭߭֓֟: Ӎ֝: l

׭֦֯ϓֻ Ͽ ֋֓֟ ִ֑֟ ll 421 ll

֭֯ Ӎs: Ͼֿ :ִֿ֐ן : l

ןã֤֭ ߓ֯拸ִãָ֙ ll 422 ll

ؾֿ֭ ׾֬֟: Ϭ:Ͼ ֿ ״֣֟ l

׾֬֟֐ ־: ִۘ ׾֬֟֯׸߭: ll 423 ll ֍ l

 

419-423. Among the thirty-nine (sub-classes (i. e., five knowledge-obscuring, four-conation-obscuring. five obstructive) pleasure. ( feeling) , perfect-conduct-preventing greed; five-sensed; the two electric (and karmic bodies) symmetrical figure) ; the four, colour (smell, taste and touch); not-heavy-light; destructive; respiration; graceful movement, the ten, mobile, (gross, developable, individual, steady, beautiful, amiable, sweet-voice, impressive, and fame), and formation, of which (there is) only Adhah Pravritta (transferrence), Bondage-cessation (occurs in the stage) of slightest delusion. The three somnambulism (heavy-drowsiness and deep-sleep); the twelve passions (i. e., all sixteen except perfect conduct preventing four passions), common and female (sexes), ennui, sorrow, and the sub-human eleven (i. e., sub-human condition and migratory form, four gerund one-to. foursensed, hot-light. cold-light, immobile, 6~e-body and common). among these thirty (there are) four (kinds o{) transferrence, (that is. all five) except Udvelana. Sleep, drowsiness, bad four, colour, (smell, taste and touch), and self-destructive, among these seven, (there are two kinds of transferrence, Guna Sankramana, and Adhah-Pravritta. Pain (feeling), awkward-movement, the ten (i. e., five kinds for done, (excepting the first, and five kinds of) figure, (excepting the first), low (family), undevelopable. the six unsteady (ugly, unprepossessing, harsh-voice. unimpressive, and notoriety),among these twenty, there are three kinds of transferrence, Vidhyata, Adhah Pravritta and Guna (Sankramana). And in wrong-belief sub-class there are also three kinds of transferrence i. e..) Vidhata, Guna, and Sarva. And in clouded-right. belief (there are four kinds of transferrence i. e., all five) except Vidbyata.

 

ִ׾ߝ㾾껻 ӓ ֟ ן Ӎ֝ l

ӕֻ֝ןֵ ׸֯־֢ ־ ll 424 ll

ִ׸߭ ֘ ֡ ־׭֟ Ӎ֝: l

ӕֵֻ֭֡ Ϭ:Ͼֿ ־Կ ll 424 ll

ֻ֤ ֕ ן֟ ׾֤֕֯־֢ l

ָפֵ֕㓔 Ϭ֯־֢ ־ ll 425 ll

ֻ׫ ֕ ߣ ׾֬֟s:Ͼֿ l

õָן ִֵֵ֕֬:Ͼ : ־: ll 425 ll

 

424.425. Among (twelve sub-classes of) Udvelana, i. e. all thirteen) except clouded-right-belief, (namely assimilative body, and, limbs, mixed-right-and-wrong-belief, celestial condition and migratory form, hellish condition and migratory form, fluid body, and limbs, high family, human condition and migratory form), there are all the five kinds of) transferrence. Three perfect-conduct-preventing (passions i. e., all four except greed), and masculine (sex), (among these foul, there are two kinds of tunsferrence i. e.,) Adhah-Pravritta and Sarva. The two physical (body-and-limbs), adamantine (the first kind of bone), and Tirthankan, (among these four there are two kinds of transferrence), Vidhytita and Adhah-Pravritta Laughter, indulgence, fear, and disgust, (among these four, there are three. kinds of transferrence) Adhah Pravlitta, Guna and Sarva.

 

Commentary.

There are 148 sub-classes of 8 Karmas. out of which 122 are counted among the operative sub-classes. Five kinds of molecular bondage, and 5 kinds of intercession, have been included in .five kinds of bodies, while twenty kinds of colour etc.. are counted as four only. 10+16=26 being thus excluded from 148, 122 only are left. All five kinds of transferrence occurring among 122 sub-classes are detailed in verses 419 to 425.

The number of sub-classes enumerated in these verses comes to 39 + 30+ 7 + 20 + 1 + 1 + 12 + 4+4+4-=122. It should be noted that they do not include four age Karmas, because transferrence of matter of one age Karma to another is not possible, as only one kind of age Karma is operative at a time. (vide Gatha 410); but four sub-classes of colour etc.. have been counted twice, because they are both good and bad; thus although 118 sub-cla3ses are mentioned in the five kinds of transferrence. yet they really came upto 122. as the 4 colour etc., are to be counted twice. as good and bad.

 

ִ֢㾾֣֝ߝן֟ ־ l

ֻ֤֕ן֟ ״֓ ׾ֽ֤֢֕ ll 426 ll

ִ֌֭ß֭סء֓ :ؾֿֿ l

ֻ֕׫ߣ ״֣ ׾֬֟֯™: ll 426 ll

 

426. (Twelve sub-classes of) Udvelana. (i. e., all thirteen) except clouded-right-belief, thirty (from) somnambulism three, (etc., onwards), twenty (beginning from) pain (feeling) etc., adamantine (bones). Physical two (body, and limbs), Tirthankara, and wrong-belief; these sixty-seven (have) Vidhyata (kind of transferrence).

 

״֓םא־ֵ Ϭ֯־֢ ן ֵ֛ l

ֲӬ֑פ ֻֻ֤ן֟ ll 427 ll

֕ ӕֻ֝ן l Ӎ ֵ֛ߡl

֝׸ӏ ֵ֛םִֵ ׾֕֝ ll 428 ll 㴴 l

 

״֣ؾִֿֿ֟֬:Ͼõ ־׭֟ ύֵ: l

ִõֲӬ֑ן֯ϳֵ: ֓֟ظֻ֤׫ߣд 427

֕ ӕֻ֭ס֍ Ӎõ ύֵ: l

֘֯֟ןӏ: ύן׭ִֵ ׾֭֕ ll 428 ll 㐴ִ l

 

 

427 -428. One hundred and twenty-one sub-classes (,. e., all the 122) except wrong-belief, belong to Adhah Pravritta (transferrence). Subtracting (47, from 122 viz.) thirty-nine, beginning from (the fourteen of which there is) bondage cessation in slightest delusion stage, physical. two (body and limbs), Tirthankara, adamantine (bones), masculine (sex), the three (passions) perfect-right-conduct-deluding (i. e., anger, pride and deceit), the remaining number of seventy-five sub-classes belong to Guns. transferrence. These should be known the rule of sub-classes.

 

Commentary.

Transference, thus, works as follows :

39 sub. classes have only Adhah Pravritta.

30 Adhah. Vidhyata, Guna and Sarva.

7 Guna and Adhah.

20 Vidhyata, Adhah and Guna.

1 has Vidhyata, Guna and Sarva.

1 Udvelana, Adhah, Guna and Sarva.

 

12 sub-classes have Udvelana Vidhyata, Adhah, Guna and Sarva.

4 Adhah and Sarva.

4 Adhah and Vidhyata.

4 Adhah, Guna and Sarva.

 

Among all these, the highest number of sub-classes belong to Adhah, Guna and Vidhyata kinds of transference,

Adhah has 39+30 + 7 + 20+ 1+12+ 4+4+ 4-121.

Guna has 30+7 +20+ 1+1+ 12+4-=75.

Vidhyata has 30 + 20 + t + 12+ 4=67.

 

Udvelana sub-classes are only 13, as said in Gatha 415.. while Sarva covers 30+ 1+ 1+ 12+4+ 4 =52 sub-classes vide Gatha 417.

 

The following chart will be found useful.

 

Table No.2, showing the kind of transference among 122 sub-classes of Karma, marked by a star.

 

Serial Number of subclasses.

Name of sub-classes.

Udvelana.

Vidhyata.

Adhah.

Guna

Sarva.

1-5

6-9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20-23

24-27

28-31

32-34

 

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45-46

47-48

 

49-50

51-52

53-56

57

58-59

60-61

62-63

64

65

66

67

68-72

73

74-78

79-82

83-86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118-122

5 Knowledge-obscuring

4 Conation obscuring

Somnambulism

Heavy Drowsiness

Deep Sleep

Drowsiness

Sleep

Pleasure Feeling

Pain feeling

Wrong belief

Mixed Right and wrong belief.

Clouded Right belief.

Four Error-feeding Passions

Four Partial-vow-preventing passions

Four Full-vow preventing passions

Perfect-right-conduct preventing anger, pride and deceit

Perfect right conduct preventing greed

Laughter

Indulgence

Ennui

Sorrow

Fear

Disgust

Female Inclination

Male inclination.

Common inclination

Hellish condition and migratory form.

Sub-human condition and migratory form.

Human condition and migratory form.

Celestial condition and migratory form.

One-sensed to four-sensed genus

Five sensed genus

Physical Body and Limbs

Fluid Body and Limbs.

Assimilative Body and Limbs

Electric Body

Karmic Body

Formation

Adamantine Bone

Other Five bones

Figure, Symmetrical

Other five figures

Four good colour etc.

Four bad colour etc.

Not-heavy Self-Destructive

Destructive

Hot-Light

Cold-Light

Cold-Light

Respiration

Graceful movement

Awkward movement

Individual

Common

Mobile

Immobile

Beautiful

Ugly

Amiable

Unprepossessing

Sweet-voice

Harsh-voice

Fine

Gross

Developable

Undevelopable

Steady

Unsteady

Impressive

Unimpressive

Fame

Notoiety

Tirthankara

High Family

Low Family

Five obstructive

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

 

*

*

 

 

 

*

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

 

 

*

*

*

 

 

 

*

*

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

*

 

 

*

 

*

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*

 

*

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*

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*

*

 

*

 

 

 

 

*

*

 

 

 

*

 

*

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*

 

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*

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*

*

*

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*

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*

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*

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*

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*

*

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

122.

 

13

67

121

75

52

 

 

ךפ֐֝ Ӭ ע פ םִֵ l

Ӭ֤֯ Ӎ֝ ָ֐ע ll 429 ll

ã֭֟֐ֵ: : ֭: ִ ן ־ן ׭ִֵ l

֭֯Ϥ֭ : Ӎ֝ 斴ָ֐ ן ll 429 ll

 

 

 

429. The duration and fruition bondage takes place as a rule till (the 10th stage of) slightest (delusion), so there is tramferrence of matter in bondage till that slightest delusion only.

 

Commentary.

Duration and fruition are caused by passionate thought-activity. Passions cease to operate beyond the 10th stage of slightest delusion, and therefore Karmic matter can not have these two kinds of bondage beyond that stage. Though pleasure-feeling Karmic matter is attracted towards the soul in the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth stages owing to the souls vibrations, it has only the remaining two bond ages i.e., of kind and quantity, Prakriti and Pradesha.

Transferrence of one sub-class of Karmic matter to that of any other sob. class is possible only through passions, mild or strong. In the total absence of passions there is no transferrence of Karmic matter beyond the 10th stage.

 

 

־ ӏֳ֐ ֻ֤֝ l

Ӎ ָ ֢ ll 430 ll

ָ Ϭ֯־֢ ֢ ۴ ֐ָ l

֝֐םֻ ӏ֐ם֤ ן ll 431 ll

֢ ֵֻֻ֓ ֻ֔ ן l

ֻ ִ֜ ֝׾ ӏ֐ם֤ ll 432 ll

ϝֲ֤֝֟ ִֻӏꕕֹ֐ם֤ l

ӏֹ֕֐ם֤ ㌍׽ פ ll 433 ll

Ӑӏֳ֐ ׾֤֕껻֋ ӏ֐ l

ϝ֐ ֝֐םֻ ϝӟ ll 434 ll

ם֝ӟ֐ פ֛ ָ֝ l

֍֝֋ꋝֲ֟ ϝӟ֐ ll 435 ll ֵ

 

־ï ִӏ ֐ß ִֻ֭֓ l

Ӎß ָ ϯ֍ԝꟍԝ ֟: ll 430 ll

ָ: Ϭ: Ͼß֟ ß ֍ָ: l

֭֐׭ֻֿ ӏ֐ם֟֍ ־׭֟ ll 431 ll

֟: ֵֻֻֿ֍׬֍: ֵֻ֓ ־ۭ l

ֻõ ϣִִ ׭ׯ ӏ֐ם֟֍ l 432 ll

ϭꭵֳß : ִֻӏֵֹ֐ם֟֍ִ l

ӏֹ֐ם֟ 쟍™ãןֳϾן ll 433 ll

ϛӏֳ֐ ׾ִ֭֬֟ӏ֐ִ l

ϭ֐õ ֭֐׭ֻֿ ϭ֭: ll 434 ll

׭ָ֭֐ õ ֬ ׭ָֿ l

׬֍ִ֭֝ꭵֳß ׿ָ֭֐: ll 435 l ֍

 

 

430-436. Sarva-bhagahara, (Sarva Division), (in Sarva Sankramana is by) one Guna (division), in Guna Sankramana is by innumerable tips of Sarva which is equal to) innumerable part of Palya Ardhachhedas. Innumerable fold of this is Utkarshana and Apakarshana (division). (Its innumerable fold is) the Adhah Pravritta divisioI} in (Adhah San. kramana). Innumerable fold of this, is the multiplier in - vibratory division). (Innumerable fold of this, is the number) of Shaltikas of one Guna Hani (in duration of Karmas). (Thus each one) is innumerable fold (of the former) respectively (The number of) Ardhachhedas of Palya (is the above), increased by (the number of) Ardhachhedas of Palya Varga Shah\k6.. The first square root of Palya and the instants of) one Guna Dani (in duration of Karmas) (are each) innumerable fold ( of the former) respectively. Annyonyabhyasta Rashi (in duration of Karmas) and Palya itself . (are each) innumerable fold (of the former) respectively.

Its numerable fold is the maximum duration of Karmas.. (Its innumerable fold is) Vidhyat8 (division) (in Vidhyata Sankramana, which is equal to) innumerable part of Sucbi Angula. Its innumerable fold is Udvelana (division in Udvelana Sankramana). Its infinite fold is Nana Guna Hani Shalaka. in fruition (of Karmas). Its infinite fold (is) one Guua Dani Ayama (in that duration). One and a half of such Guna Hani Ayl1ma is the above) increased (by half of itself). (Number of) Nishekahara or two Guna Han Ayama (is the above increased by half of that Guna Hani Ayama). Infinite fold of that is Annyonya bhyasta Rashi (of that duration.) (Such is) the order.

 

Commentary.

Here is set forth the quantity in the five kinds oftransferrence, which takes place according to their respective divisions, increasing in the order given below :

1. Sarva division.

2. Guga division.

3. Utkarshaga and Apakarshana divisions. .

4. Adhah Pravritta division.

5. Multiplier in Vibratory divisions i. e., Yoga Gugakara.

6. Nana Guga Hani Shalaka in duration of Karmas.

7. Number of Ardha-Chhedas in a Palya.

8. First Square root of Palya.

9. Guna Hani in Duration.

10. Annyonya bhyasta Rashi in Duration.

11. Palya.

12. Maximum duration of Karmas.

13. Vidhyata division (in Vidhyata Sankramana).

14. Udvelana division (in Udvelana Sankramana).

15. Nana Guna Hani Shalaka in Duration.

16. Nane Guna Hani Ayama in duration.

17. One and half of that Guna Hani.

18. Nishekahara.

19. Annyonya bhyasta Rashi of Duration.

 

Thus it will be seen that Sarva Bhagahara division is taken as one. It means that the karmic matter which remains in the last part of the last section of the duration of a Karma, will be divid8d by one and the result, i. e., the same number of !tannic molecules will be transferred to another sub-class. This is called Sarva transferrence. Guna division comes next. Its number is innumerable fold of Sarva. The number of Karmic molecules in any sub-class in Guna Sankramana will be divided by Guna division. The result will be the number of molecules to be transferred to another subclass in the first instant of the fixed time of this Sankramana. Then at each successive instant, the innumerable fold of its former will continue to be transferred till the last instant of its duration. This is called Guna Sankramana.

The third Adhah Pravritta division comes in the fourth order. Karmic matter of any sub-class in Adhah Pravritta being divided by Adhah Pravritta division. the result will be transferred to an. other sub-class. The fourth Vidhyata division comes in the 13th order. Karmic matter of any sub-class of Vidhyata being divided by Vidhyata division, the result will be transferred to .another subclass. The fifth Udvelana division is fourteenth in order. Karmic matter of any Udvelana sub-class being divided by Udvelana division, the result will be transferred to another sub-class.

 

Utkarshana means an increase in number or quantity.

 

Apakarshana means decrease in number or quantity.

 

- For the terms, Ardhachheda, Nana Guna Hani, Shalaka, Annonya bhyasta Rashi, Suchiangula, Nishekahara, see Gommat-sara Jiva Kanda Volume V, of the Sacred Books of the Jainas pages 128, 149, 102, 123.

 

 

ֵֵ֯֝ӟָֻע֋ l

ظפ֓ ִ״ ϳֵ֝פ ll 436 ll

õ ָֻ֤֤֭֭֟׬ִߋ: l

߸ۭ֟ ִ״ ֳִֵۭ֭ ll 436 ll

 

436. I (Nemi Chandra) the disciple of Virendra Nandi bow to the teacher Abbaya Nandi, by grace of whose feet. I crossed the ocean of infinite wanderings.

 

 

Commentary.

Acharya Virendra Nandi was the authors Deeksh4 Guru, the preceptor who initiated him into the order of saints, Acharya Abhaya Nandi was his Shiksh4 Guru, the great teacher who taught him after initiation.

 

Ӭ㌍֍ Ӎִ֍߸ ֢ l

״֢֝֬ ם֍֓֝ פ כֵ֛ ll 437 ll

֭֬ꟍԋ֍ Ӎִ֯֍ԝ߸ ִ֢ l

ֿ֭׭֬ע: ׭:֭֓ ־ן ן֯ύן ll 437 ll

 

437. There are (ten) modes (or Karana) affecting each sub-class of Karma:

1. Bondage (Bandha).

2. Increase (Utkarshana).

S. Transferrence (Sankramana).

4. Decrease (Apakarshana).

5. Premature operation (Udirna).

6. Existence (Satta).

7. Operation (Udaya).

8. Subsidence (Upashama)

9. Nidhatti.

10. NihkBchani or Nihkachita.

 

֝ ӲӬ Ӭ ֛ l

Ӎִ֝֝֟֐֤ ֝ ִ ll 438 ll

ԝ Ӳ֭ ֭ ԝ ۬Ծ l

Ӎִ֭֝֡ ן: ׭ָ֍ԝ ִ ll 438 ll

 

438. Connection with Karmic molecules is Bondage (Bandha), increment (of duration 01 fruition of Karmas already bound is) Increase (Utkarshana), change (of Karmic matter of one sub-class into another (is) Transferrence (Sankrama or sankarmana). diminution (of duration or fruition in Karmas already bound is) termed Decrease (Apakarshana).

 

ϋ֟ך ӣִ߸ ֢۟ l

֢ ֍ֻ֢֯ פע םק l 439 ll

ϭ֡ ã֟õ ãִ֭֯߸ ßִ֟ l

֢ þ֍ִֻ֤֯֯֟ ־֟ן ׭٤™ : ll 439 ll

 

 

439. Putting (Karmic molecules) which are beyond (the time of operation) into operation (by decreasing their duration is) Premature operation (Udirana). Remaining of (Karmic molecules, in an un-operative condition is) Existence (Sattva, or Satta): Coming into fruition (of karmic molecules) in -their own time is said to be Operation (Udaya).

 

Ӎִ ֈ׾ ֤ ֌ l

ӟ ם֬آ ׭֍ד֤ פ ll 440 ll

֍ֵ: ֟¾ׯ ֟ ֝ ֌ִ l

ֿ֭ ׭֬ע: ׭֍ד֟ ־ן ֟ ll 440 ll

 

440. Those Karmic molecules which cannot come into Operation, into Transferrence and Operation- or even into (any of the) four (conditions of Operation, Transferrence, Increase or Decrease of duration and fruition) are respectively (said to be in) Subsidence (Upashama), Nidhatti and Nihkachits.

 

Commentary.

Difference between Upashama, Nidhatti; and Nihkachita is this. In Upashama, Karmic molecules are prevented from Operation. for a limited time although the time for their operation has arrived; they are made to subside for that period. During this time of subsidence they may have transferrence, increase or decrease of duration and fruition. In Nidhatti, they are neither brought into operation prematurely, nor transferred into that of another sub. class, but they may have increase or decrease of duration and fruition. In Nihkachita, they do not operate prematurely nor are transferred, nor can they increase or decrease their duration and fruition.

 

Ӎ֝֍ ־֍ ן ־։ l

֝ ֍֯㾾֍ע ֍ ll 441 ll

Ӎ֝֍׭ ־֍׭ ־ۭ ־Եִ l

֝ ֍֭֯ԍ ן ֍׭ ll 441 ll

 

441. All (the four kinds of) Age-Karma have only nine Karanas, excepting the Mode of transferrence. The rest (of the Karmas have) ten Karanas.

 

These ten modes (are possible) till (the 8th stage of) New Thought-activity (or Apurva Karaga).

 

Commentary.

It has been said before that matter of any age-Karma can not be transferred into that of another; therefore Age-Karma can have only the other nine Karanas. AU the other 144 sub-classes may have all, the ten modes. Souls in stages. from wrong-belief to that of New-thought-activity may have all the ten Karanas.

 

פ֢ ֤ ֍ע Ӎ ײ֝ l

֕אע ֤ ֢ ϕאע ll 442 ll

פ֯֟ ֟: 斴֍ֵ ן Ӎ ׾֭ l

֙ ֵן ֟: ִ֢ ϵן ll 442 ll

 

442. Beyond (that i. e., from 9tb stage of Advanced thought activity) till (10th stage of) Slightest-Delusion (there are) only the first seven (leaving Upshama, Nidhatti and Nihkachita); then (from 11th stage of) Subsided Delusion) till the 13th stage of) Vibrating (perfect soul), only six, leaving transferrence also; afterwards, in the vibration less (Perfect soul, there are only two) Existence and Operation.

 

־׸ ׾ ֝ Ӎִ׾ פ ӟִ۴ l

״֓ ״ ֝ ۟ Ӎ֝ ll 443 ll

־׸ ׾ֿ ֭ ֍ִׯ ־ן ӭִ֟ l

״֣õ ״õ ֝ ß Ӎִ֝ ll 443 ll

 

443. But, know this specialty in (the 11th stage of) Subsided Delusion that there is Transferrence also of (matter of) wrong-belief, and mixed-right-and-wrong-belief (into that of clouded-right-belief), but (there is) no Transferrence of the remaining (sub-classes).

 

Ӭ㌍֍ ֐ֲָӬע פ םִֵ l

Ӎ֝ ֐֐֐֤֕ߝ Ӭע ll 444 ll

֭ꟍԝ֍ þ֍þ֍֭ ן ־ן ׭ִֵ l

Ӎ֝ ӭ : þ֍þ֍֟߭ ֭ ן ll 444 ll

 

444. Modes of Bondage and Increase (in sub-classes) are applicable, as a rule, upto (the stages where they have) their respective bondage: while the mode of transferrence applies upto (the stages where} respective (sub-classes) of their kind are bound.

 

Commentary.

A sub-class of a Karma will not be bound beyond the stage of its bondage-cessation (Bandha Vyuchhitti). For example wrong belief sub-class of deluding Karma is only bound in wrong belief stage, at the end of which it ceases to bind. It will not be bound beyond this first stage; nor will there be increase of duration and fruition in the matter of wrong-belief Karma beyond the first stage.

Knowledge-obscuring Karma is of five kinds. These five Karmas are of the same class. They are bound till the 10th stage. The transferrence of matter from one sub-class to another of the same class will also take place till the 10th stage.

 

ꌍ֍ ϕא֢֝ א֓׸ע l

ߝ ӟ֝ ֵ֤ ־ֻߵִֵע ll 445 ll

ϯ֍ԝ֍ ָא֭֟ אָ֓ ן l

ߝ 斴֭֭ ֵ֤ ־׻֍ִֵ ן ll 445 ll

 

445. And the mode of Decrease (of duration and fruition of (eighty-five sub-classes) which are in existence in the (14th stage of) non-vibrating (perfect soul is possible) till the last instant (of the 13th stage of) vibrating (perfect soul). (Sixteen sub. classes, such as sensitive-knowledge-obscuring Karma, and one sub-class of greed), which are destroyed (respectively) in (the stage of) Delusionless, {the 12th), and Slightest (delusion, the 10th, have the mode of decrease) till their Place of Destruction (Kshaya Desha) which lasts for one Avali and one instant.

 

Commentary.

85 sub-classes, out of 148, remain in existence till the last two instants of the 14th stage. Decrease of their duration and fruition till their Place of Destruction which is called Kshaya Desha. It lasts for one Avali and one instant. It is a rule that those subclasses which are changed into other sub-classes at the time of destruction, i. e., which are operative in the form of another sub-class at the time of destruction, and are therefore called Paramukhodaya, have their Kshaya Desha in the last part or Phali of the last section or Kanda of their destructive stage. While those sub-classes which are destroyed when operative in their own form, and are therefore called Svamukhodaya, have Kshaya Desha for one Avali and one instant. This applies to the 17 sub-classes mentioned above.

 

ӟע ։ ״֓ۢ ־֐֝ l

ֵ֤ע ־֐ Ͻֵפß֝ ll 446 ll

ֿ֭֟ ן ֵ: ״ֵ֣֡ ֯֍֛֭ l

ֵ֤ ן ֯֍ ˆֵפؾִֿ֭ ll 446 ll

 

446. (Mode of Decrease in the Karmic matter of) celestial age {Karma is possible), till (the 11th stage of) Subsided (delusion); (while in the matter) of the three, wrong-belief (mixed and clouded-right-belief Karmas), and sixteen (sub. classes which are destroyed at the end of the first part of the 9th stage of) destructive (ladder. i. e., pairs of hellish and sub-human migratory forms, S genus from 2-to-4t sensed, somnambulism, deep-sleep, and heavy-drowsiness, cold-light, and hot-light, one-sensed, common, fine, immobile, vide Gatba 388 Karma Kanda Volume VI of the Sacred Books of the Jainas, page 210 211) (it is possible) up to their (respective) place of destruction and in the twenty (sub-classes), eight (middle) passions etc., (i. e, four partial and four total-vowpreventing passions, common and feminine inclination, six minor passions, laughter etc., male inclination, anger, pride, and deceit which are destroyed in parts 2nd to 9th of the 9th stage of) destructive (ladder) also, it is possible up to their place of destruction.

 

Commentary.

Decrease of duration or fruition of celestial age- Karma possible till the 11th stage, according to strong or mild pure thought activity of the soul. Decrease of duration and fruition of three subclasses of right-belief deluding Karma is possible till their place of destruction, in any of the stages from the 4th to 7th, while Decrease of the 16 sub-cla3Ses is possible up ,to their place of destruction in the first part of the 9th stage. Kshaya Desha of these nineteen sub-classes Dues till the last part of the last section of its time. The other 20 sub-classes have Decrease till their respective Kshaya Desha which coincides with the time of their destruction in the 9th stage, during its parts 2nd to 9th.

 

״֓ןֵ֝ ִל۴ ӟִۢ l

Ͻֵ֤ߝ ״ֵֽ֝֐ע ll 447 ll

״ִִֵֿ֣֭֡ꋵ ִ֭ ן l

™ִֵֿ֤߭״֍ã֭֍ ן ־ ll 447 ll

 

447. In subsidential ladder, (Decrease) in the three, wrong belief (mixed, and clouded-right-belief) and in the sixteen (hellish condition etc., named in the above gatha) occurs up to (the 11th stage of) Subsided delusion; and in (twenty sub-classes, eight (middle) passions etc., (named above), till their respective places of, subsidence.

 

֜֍ֵ֝ ׾ӕ֍ ע ϵ֤ע l

םָן׸ֈִ֝߸֢ ֬ ll 448 ll

ϣִ֍ֵ֝ ׾ӵ֍ ן ϵ֤֟ ן l

׭ָןֵԐֵ߸֢: ֬: ll 448 ll

 

448. (Decrease) in the first four (error-feeding) passions (lasts) till (their time of) transformation (Visamyojana) (into other passions) during (any of the four stages of) vowels, partial vow, (imperfect vow and total vow.) Premature operation. Existence. and Operation of the hellish and subhuman age-Karmas are established (till the 4th and 5th stage respectively).

 

״֓ ״֓ע ߸ ִ l

ִֵ־׻ע ll 449 ll

״֣õ ״֣ן ߸ ִֿ׳ִõ l

ִֵ׬֍־ֻן ִ 恴õ õ ll 449 ll

 

 

449. Premature operation of the wrong belief (Karma is possible) in the stage of wrong belief when the soul faces subsidential right-belief for one Avali and one instant; while of Slightest greed Karma in (the 10th stage of) Slightest Delusion.

 

Ӎִ ֈ׾ ֤ ֌ l

ӟ ם֬آ ם֍ד֤ ϯ㾾ע ll 450 ll

Ӎֵ: ֟¾ׯ ֟ ֌ִ l

ֿ֭ ׭֬ע: ׭֍ד֟ ֟ ϯ ן ll 450 ll

 

450. (Karmic matter brought) under subsidence, (that) appertaining to Nidhatti-(Karana) or Nihkachita-(Karana) can not have, respectively, operation, operation (and) transference, or the four (operation, transferrence, Increase and Decrease) till (the 8th stage of) New-Thought-Activity.

 

Commentary.

Up to the 8th stage. Karmic matter which has been brought under subsidence for a certain time, can not be put into operation before such time has expired. Similarly Karmic matter of Nidhattikarana cannot be brought into operation. nor can it be transferred till the 8th stage.

In the same way, matter of Nihkachita Karana cannot be brought to operate. nor transferred, nor its duration and fruition increased and decreased till the 13th stage.

 

End of Chapter IV.

CHAPTER V.

Sthana.

DESCRIPTION OF PLACES.

 

״։ ״֝ ֓֕׽ִֵב֕ l

Ӭ֢֕ ִ֝ی֝ ꓔ ll 451 ll

֟ ״֣֭ ֵ֟׬šִÍ֛בеִ l

ֵ֢֭㌟ ãִ֭㟍ߟԭ ֖ ll 451 ll

 

451. Having bowed to Nemintha (the 22nd Tirthankara), whose feet were adored by Satya Yudhishthira, (the first of the five Pandavas), I shall describe the place (sthana) concerning bondage, operation and existence (of Karmas).

 

 

Commentary.

The word Sthana, translated as place, denotes the aggregate number of classes or sub-classes, in bondage, operation, or existence, at a time, in a soul.

The question whether the classes or sub-classes are bound, operative, or existing, in ordered succession or otherwise will also be discussed in this chapter.

 

֐׾֙׾ Ӭן ן ۢ l

۾֝ ן ֲӬ֐ ll 452 ll

֙ ֯֟׾ִ֬™׾֬ ۭ֭ ס ֯׾ִ֬ l

–כִã֭ ס ֲ֭֍ ll 452 ll

 

462. During six (stages first to the 7th, except the 3rd, souls) bind seven classes of Karmas, (when age. Karma is not bound), as well as eight-classes (when age Karma is bound); but only seven classes (excepting age-Karma) during three (stages i. t., 3rd of mixed-belief, the 8th and 9th, of new and advanced thought-activity); six: classes (excepting age and deluding Karma) in one stage, (the 10th of slightest delusion); and only one (feeling Karma) during three (stages, the 11th, 12th and 18th of subsided delusion, delusionless, and vibrating-perfect-soul). There is no bondage (of any Karma) in one (the last stage of ooo-vibrating perfect soul).

 

֢׸ ןם ןֵ ֈ ֵכ֝ם ֵ֛֯ߝ l

֐ָ֤֯ם Ͼ׽ם׾ ן ll 453 ll

֟׸ ם ם ֟׸ ύןã֭׭ ֯ύִ߭ l

֍ָָֻ֟ם Ͼã֭֟ׯ ־ۭ ll 453 ll

 

 

463. Of the main classes (of Karmas) there are respectively four, three, three, and four class-places (Prakriti sthana), Increasing (places) (Bhujakara), Decreasing (places) (Alpatara) and steady (places Avasthita).

 

Commentary.

The variety in the number of Karmas bound at a time in the 14 spiritual stages, has been discussed in verses 452 and 453, and different names are given to this variety, looked at from different points of view.

1 In 6 spiritual stages, from the 1st to the 7th, excepting the 3rd, a soul binds seven classes of Karmas when age Karma is not bound. and all the eight, when age Karma is bound. Age Karma is bound only on 8 occasions in a life as stated elsewhere (See Gommatsara Jiva Kanda).

2. In the 3rd, 8th and 9th stages it binds only seven, excluding age Karma, which can not bound in these stages.

3. In the 10th it binds 6 classes, excluding Age and Deluding Karma.

4. In the 11th, 12th, and 13th it binds only one, the Feeling Karma.